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The limits used above
Each figure comes from the payer’s own current document. Your provider agreement or your state’s law can make the limit longer or shorter, and when they differ, the contract or the law wins.
| Payer | Initial claim |
|---|---|
| Medicare Part B | 1 calendar year from the date of service (42 CFR 424.44) |
| Cigna | 90 days participating, 180 days out of network |
| BCBS of Texas Blue Choice PPO | 365 days |
| BCBS of Illinois commercial non-HMO | 180 days |
| Humana Medicare Advantage | 1 year |
| Texas Medicaid fee-for-service | 95 days |
| New York Medicaid fee-for-service | 90 days |
| California Medi-Cal | 6 months following the month of service |
UnitedHealthcare, Aetna and Humana commercial do not publish one standard limit. Their manuals tell providers to check the Participation Agreement. UnitedHealthcare’s 2026 guide does say it allows participating providers at least 90 days, so 90 is the safe setting for UHC until you have checked your agreement. Use the “My contract limit” option above and enter the number from your own agreement.
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Four things that catch people out
- A rejected claim does not stop the clock. It was never accepted, so the days keep running while it sits in the rejection queue.
- Secondary claims start later. Most payers count from the primary payer’s EOB date, not the date of service.
- Calendar days, not business days. Every payer we checked counts calendar days.
- CO-29 is a write-off. A timely filing denial is a contractual obligation, so the patient cannot be billed for it. Your only defence is the clearinghouse acceptance report showing the payer received the claim on time.

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More free tools: Denial code lookup · Modifier 25 exposure calculator · Place of service codes
Limits were read from each payer’s own document in October 2026. Payers change these policies and contracts override them, so confirm before relying on any number here. General information, not legal or contractual advice.